Stats show that about 1 in 127 people are on the autism spectrum.

An estimated 61.8 million individuals worldwide, equivalent to approximately 1 in 127 people, were identified as being on the autism spectrum in 2021, according to new Australian-led research. 

Published in The Lancet Psychiatry, the study reveals a significant increase from the 2019 estimate of 1 in 271 people, with the updated figure resulting from methodological changes that excluded potentially under-reported cases.

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the top ten causes of non-fatal health burden among individuals under 20 years of age. 

Researchers say there is a clear need for early diagnosis and tailored developmental support to address the lifelong challenges associated with ASD.

The study, part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors (GBD) 2021, calculated the prevalence of ASD as 788.3 per 100,000 people, using updated methodologies that removed reliance on passive case-finding studies, such as those based solely on existing health records. 

This shift aimed to provide a more accurate reflection of global autism rates, aligning them more closely with findings from active population-based diagnostic surveys.

“The revised estimation process and resulting prevalence and health burden estimates of ASD from GBD 2021 have important implications for future research, healthcare provision, and policy planning,” said lead researcher Dr Damian Santomauro.

The study suggests there is a need for policy reforms to address the evolving needs of individuals with ASD at all life stages. 

Expanding access to diagnostic and intervention services globally, especially in low- and middle-income countries, is deemed essential for equitable support.

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