CSIRO says a battery recycling industry could be created to tackle Australia’s annual 3,300 tonnes of lithium-ion battery waste.

A new report, ‘Lithium battery recycling in Australia’, says the nation could lead the world in the re-use and recycling of lithium-ion batteries, addressing waste that is growing by 20 per cent each year.

Lithium-ion technology is currently used in vast quantities in electronic and household devices.

The experts say low battery recycling rates can be overcome through better understanding of the importance of recycling, improved collection processes, and by implementing ways to efficiently recycle materials.

An effective recycling industry could also stabilise global lithium supplies to meet consumer demand, the report says.

Key facts from the paper include:

  • Only 2 per cent of Australia’s annual 3,300 tonnes of lithium-ion battery waste is recycled
  • This waste is growing by 20 per cent per year and could exceed 100,000 tonnes by 2036
  • If recycled, 95 per cent of components can be turned into new batteries or used in other industries
  • By comparison, of the 150,000 tonnes of lead-acid batteries sold in 2010, 98 per cent were recycled
  • The majority of Australia’s battery waste is shipped overseas, and the waste that remains left in landfill, leading to a potential fires, environmental contamination, and risk to human health

CSIRO battery research leader Dr Anand Bhatt and his team are working with industry partners to develop processes that can support the transition to domestic recycling of lithium-ion batteries.

“The development of processes to effectively and efficiently recycle these batteries can generate a new industry in Australia. Further, effective recycling of lithium batteries can offset the current concerns around lithium security,” Dr Bhatt said.

Australian Battery Recycling Initiative CEO Libby Chaplin said: “Currently we are racing towards a world where lithium batteries are a very big part of our energy supply, yet we have some real work to do to ensure we are able to recycle the end product once it has reached its use by date.” 

“The CSIRO report provides critical information at an opportune time given the discussions around how to shape a product stewardship scheme for the energy storage sector,” Chaplin said.

The report also found that research, government and industry must work closely to develop standards and best-practice solutions to this issue.